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【英文标准名称】:RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES)-DigitalEnhancedCordlessTelecommunications/GlobalSystemforMobilecommunications(DECT/GSM)interworkingprofile-MobileservicesSwitchingCentre(MSC);FixedPart(FP)interconnection;EnglishversionETS300499:1
【原文标准名称】:无线电设备和系统.移动通信(DECT/SGM)互连的协议子集的数字增强无线远程通信/全球系统.移动服务转换中心(MSC).固定部分的连接(FP);英文版本ETS300499:1996
【标准号】:DINETS300499-1998
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1998-06
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:交换;无线的;电话网;接口(数据加工);公共的;数字的;定义;电信;移动无线电通信系统;界面;无线电装置;无线通信业务;开关设备;无线电工程;无线电设备
【英文主题词】:Cordless;DECT;Definition;Definitions;Digital;Exchange;Interfaces;Interfaces(dataprocessing);Mobileradiosystems;Profile;Public;Radioengineering;Radioequipment;Radiosystems;Switchingequipment;Telecommunication;Telecommunications;Telephonenetworks;Wirelesscommunicationservices
【摘要】:ThedocumentspecifiestheinterfaceusedbetweentheDigitalEnhancedCordlessTelecommunications(DECT)FixedPart(FP)andtheGlobalSystemforMobilcommunications(GSM)MobileSwitchingCentre(MSC).
【中国标准分类号】:M36
【国际标准分类号】:33_070_30
【页数】:31P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforIdentificationandClassificationofDispersiveClaySoilsbythePinholeTest
【原文标准名称】:用针孔试验做分散粘土识别和分类的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4647-2006e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:clay;clay(dispersive);collodialerodibility;dispersibility;dispersivity;dispersion;dispersiveclays;erosion;pinhole;soils;Earthwork;Flowandflowrate--soil/rock/relatedmaterials;Nondispersiveclaysoil;Pinholetest;Propertydamage/
【摘要】:Thepinholetestprovidesonemethodofidentifyingthedispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoilsthataretobeorhavebeenusedinearthconstruction.Thepipingfailuresofanumberofhomogeneousearthdams,erosionalongchannelorcanalbanks,andrainfallerosionofearthenstructureshavebeenattributedtothecolloidalerosionalongcracksorotherflowchannelsformedinmassesofdispersiveclay(2).Thistestmethodmodelstheactionofwaterflowingalongacrackinanearthembankment.Otherindirecttests,suchasthedoublehydrometertest(TestMethodD4221),thecrumbtest(3,4),thatrelatestheturbidityofacloudofsuspendedclaycolloidsasanindicatoroftheclaydispersivity,andchemicalteststhatrelatethepercentageofsodiumtototalsolublesaltcontentofthesoilarealsousedasindicatortestsofclaydispersibility(2).Thecomparisonofresultsfromthepinholetestandotherindirecttestsonhundredsofsamplesindicatesthattheresultsofthepinholetesthavethebestcorrelationwiththeerosionalperformanceofclaysoilsinnature.MethodAandMethodCofthepinholetestrequiretheevaluationofcloudinessofeffluent,finalsizeofthepinhole,andcomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinordertoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.MethodBrequiresonlytheevaluationofthecloudinessofeffluentandfinalsizeofthepinholetoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.ThecomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinMethodAservesprimarilyasaguidetotheproperequipmentandspecimenperformanceundersequentialpressuresappliedduringthetest.Allmethodsproducesimilarresultsandanymethodcanbeusedtoidentifydispersiveclays.TheuseofMethodAorMethodCresultsintheaccumulationofdatarelativetosequentialflowratesthroughthepinholeandconsequentenlargementorerosionofthehole.Thepinholeerosiontestwasdevelopedforthepurposeofidentifyingdispersivesoilsandisnotintendedtobeageometricallyscaledmodelofaprototypestructure.Sincethetheoryofsimilitudewasnotusedinthedesignofthepinholetest,quantitativedataarenotobtained.Thequantityofflowthroughthepinhole,amountofsoilerosion,ortherateofsoilerosionshouldnotbeextrapolatedtoactualfieldconditions(3).However,suchdatamaybeusefulinperformingqualitativeevaluationsoftheconsequencesofsucherosionintermsofdamfailure,lossoflifeandproperty.Theyalsomaybeusedinconsideringthecosteffectivenessofdefensivedesignmeasuresnecessarytominimizetheeffectsoffailureduetodispersiveclays.Forexample,theamountofcolloidalerosionthatwilloccurinasoilclassedasND2(veryslightlydispersive)willbeverysmallforarelativelylongperiodoftime.Sucherosionmaynotbesignificantinevaluatingthecost-benefitrelationshipsinprojectswherepublicsafetyisnotinvolvedorwherenormalmaintenanceprocedureswillhandletheproblem.Insuchcases,classifyingthesoilasND(nondispersive)usingMethodBofthepinholetestshouldbeadequate.Pinholeteststhatresultinclassifyingsoilasslightlydispersive(ND3byMethodAorMethodCorSDbyMethodB)indicatehighuncertaintyabouttheexistenceofsignificantproblemstobeconsideredinthedesignorstabilityofastructure.Insuchcases,itisadvisabletoresampleandtestanumberofothersoilsfromthesameareatogenerateanadequatestatisticalsampleforproblemevaluation.Theoriginalslightlydispersivesamplemaycomefromanareaontheedgeofamorehighlydispersivesoil.Inafewphysiographicareasorgeoclimaticconditions,orboth,neitherthepinhole......
【中国标准分类号】:P21
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语